网站/WordPress从虚拟主机搬家到VPS上

拖了一个月终于着手并且完成了。其实没有什么难的。但是因为我对Linux的了解非常局限,还是花了一番功夫,同时学了很多东西,在这里记一下。没有试图写一篇“手把手教你搬WP”,只是记录一些我觉得有帮助的东西,希望做同样的事情的且同样不是那么牛逼的Linux学习者们有用:)

虽说是WordPress搬家,但是任何一个小型网站搬家都差不多这样了吧,嘿嘿。

如果用cPanel和MySQLAdmin之类的东西可能就很傻瓜,但是第一cPanel太贵了(竟然要425多刀一年,我都笑了),第二VPS都买了必须必须要抓住每一个学Linux的机会啊。

过程如下(断断续续弄了好几天…):

环境

虚拟主机和VPS都是host2ez的,最牛逼的主机提供商。系统是CentOS Linux 5.6,apache(现在改名叫httpd)已经装好了,再装

yum php mysql mysql-server

就成。

文件

这个简单,cPanel把虚拟主机上文件打包,VPS上wget下来就好。WP的独立性做的好,文件路径改变不会有什么问题。备份用的插件BackUpWordpress倒因为出问题了,不能识别路径,我直接禁用掉了,VPS嘛马上弄个备份方案还不容易,不需要用WP的插件了。在[wordpress path]/wp_config.php里把信息改一下,数据库部分的怎么改见下面。

数据库

对数据库命令不了解的同学建议先看一下mysql的教程。我不能把所有操作都写出来…这次弄这个还学了不少数据库的东西…tutorial很容易搜到,我觉得有一个比较好的命令列表点 这里,里面包括了所有常用的命令。

在虚拟主机的cPanel – mysqladmin里备份出.sql文件,传上VPS,导入文件的命令是

mysql – u user_name -p database_name < file_name.sql

很多地方写的-p后面跟密码,我用的版本-p后面不跟东西,回车以后才提示输密码,可能是新版本不提倡显式输入密码了吧。非要用的话就–password=”xxxxxx”

如果你导出文件选的是整个mysql,需要打开文件把database”information_schema”部分删掉,否则会失败,这个db貌似是mysql自己的,不能改..不懂

之后要建立一个用户并给此用户分配使用相应db的权限,虽然我们也可以直接把root用户写进wp_config.php但是稍微有点安全意识的程序员都不会想要这么做的…虽然权限没什么大不了的,但是名字叫root就是不行! 所以进数据库:

mysql -u root -p

进去以后添加用户:

mysql> create user 'username'@'localhost' identified by 'mypass';

分配权限:

mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;
mysql> flush privileges;

然后就把这个用户甩给Wordpress啦(编辑wp_config.php)

测试的时候有一些问题

上面完了就能http进vps的ip看到博客了,但是不要去点任何东西…因为数据库里“本站”的地址还是原来的域名,这样如果你原来的网站还开着那么随便点个链接就进到原来网站了,如果没开那就can’t find page啦。

而且因为没法进后台改,所以只好进mysql改了

mysql> use viaxlcom_viaxlcom;
mysql> select * from wp_options where option_value rlike "^http";
+-----------+---------+-------------+----------------------------+----------+
| option_id | blog_id | option_name | option_value               | autoload |
+-----------+---------+-------------+----------------------------+----------+
|         2 |       0 | siteurl     | http://axlarts.com/blog      | yes      |
|        39 |       0 | home        | http://axlarts.com           | yes      |
|        41 |       0 | ping_sites  | http://rpc.pingomatic.com/ | yes      | 
+-----------+---------+-------------+----------------------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)
update wp_options set option_value="http://12.34.56.78/blog" where option_id=2;
update wp_options set option_value="http://12.34.56.78" where option_id=39;

这样就把VPS上的网站地址改成本身的IP了。

————————————-
另外我发现一些插件会出现权限问题,比如JW player(放flv视频用的插件),没法启用插件因为提示不能写目录,我整个www目录都是755权限,设置成777以后可以开启了,然后再弄回来。这个问题解决了但是原因一直不知道,直到我因为另一个问题搜了一下才搞明白。

另一个问题是:更新插件update的时候会提示我输入ftp帐号,以前没这事啊,于是我就去装了个vsftpd(ftp的服务端),设置好能更新了,但是为什么?后来搜到这篇文章 <Auto Update WordPress Without FTP> 解决了ftp的问题并且意识到上面的问题也和这个有关系,即因为目录的owner不是httpd,所以网站脚本没有对文件操作的权限。

/var/www目录的owner要设置成httpd的运行者(可以用ps aux或者top命令查看),可能是www,apache或者nobody或者其他的。我的是apache,所以在chown apache:apache /var/www -R之后update就不用输ftp了,我立刻关了vsftpd依然ok,可见之前是绕了弯子了,没权限还用ftp操作文件…

绑域名

进godaddy面板直接改A地址就好了,没有别的要操作的。

但是因为我本来虚拟主机上就放了两个网站,所以怎么在一个VPS上绑定多个域名多个网站?之前用cPanel是傻瓜操作,没有怎么弄?这个我也弄了好半天最终解决了,马上再写一篇单独说吧

好啦好啦,到此结束,路人有问题可以在下面留言~

11,582 thoughts on “网站/WordPress从虚拟主机搬家到VPS上

  1. HeathZet

    Really grateful for content like this, it does not waste my time and it does not insult my intelligence either, and a quick look at kelpfancy was the same, balanced respectful writing that makes a person feel welcome rather than rushed through pages of forced engagement just to keep clicking around.

    Reply
  2. Jacksonnak

    Picked this for a morning recommendation in our company chat, and a look at xunqiro suggested I will mention this site again later, recommending content into a workplace context is a small editorial act that requires confidence in the recommendation and this site is making me confident in those recommendations consistently here too.

    Reply
  3. Marioflams

    Appreciated the way each section connected smoothly to the next without abrupt jumps, and a stop at rangerorca kept that flow going nicely, transitions are something most blog writers ignore but the difference is huge for the reader who is trying to follow a sustained line of thought today across many different topics.

    Reply
  4. Javonpam

    Reading this in segments because the day was busy, and the post survived the fragmented attention well, and a stop at lakepeach held up similarly under interrupted reading, content that can withstand modern distracted reading patterns rather than requiring a perfect block of focused time is increasingly the kind I prefer.

    Reply
  5. Kilepem

    Thanks again for the post, I learned a couple of things I can actually use later this week, and after I went over pressparsec the rest of the site looked equally promising, definitely going to spend more time here when I get a free moment over the weekend to read more carefully.

    Reply
  6. Raulhix

    Felt the writer did the homework before publishing, the references hold up, and a look at mavquro continued that documented care, content with traceable claims rather than vague assertions is the kind I trust and the lack of bald assertion in this post is one of its quietly impressive qualities for me.

    Reply
  7. Dallasdab

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    Reply
  8. BryanJuh

    Really like that the writer trusts the reader to follow simple logic without restating every previous point, and a stop at zirqano kept that respect going, treating an audience as capable adults rather than as people who need constant hand holding makes a noticeable difference in the reading experience for me.

    Reply
  9. Malcolmbourb

    A welcome contrast to the loud takes that have dominated my feed lately, and a look at macrolush extended that calm voice, content that arrives without yelling has become unusual in the modern attention economy and this site is one of the few places I have found that consistently delivers without raising its voice.

    Reply
  10. Erickcax

    Reading this prompted a brief but useful conversation with a colleague who happened to walk by, and a stop at fumefig extended that conversational seed, content that becomes a starting point for in person discussion rather than ending in solitary reading is content with social generative energy and this site has plenty of it apparently.

    Reply
  11. Brycescomy

    Worth recognising the specific care that went into how this post ended, and a look at mirelogic maintained the same careful conclusions, endings are where most blog content falls apart and this site has clearly invested in the closing stretches of its pieces rather than letting them simply trail off when energy fades.

    Reply
  12. StefanSlasp

    Useful read, especially because the writer did not assume too much background from the reader, and a quick look at dealmixo continued in the same way, a thoughtful site that meets people where they are which is something the modern web could use a lot more of for both casual and serious readers.

    Reply
  13. Jeffersontus

    Now recognising the editorial wisdom of letting some questions remain open at the end, and a look at trendvani continued that intellectual honesty, content that does not force closure on contested questions is content that respects the limits of knowledge and this site has clearly developed the maturity to know when to leave space.

    Reply
  14. Oscaramawn

    Granted my mood today might be elevating my reading experience but I still think this is genuinely good, and a stop at pipmyrrh reinforced that even discounted assessment, controlling for the mood adjustment that affects content perception this site still reads as substantively above average across multiple pieces I have read carefully today.

    Reply
  15. MatthewSer

    Now feeling slightly more committed to my own careful reading practices having read this, and a stop at tavmixo reinforced that commitment, content that models the kind of attention it deserves is content that calibrates the reader and this site has clearly raised my own bar for what to bring to good writing today.

    Reply
  16. Fidelfed

    Reading this gave me a small sense of progress on a topic I have been slowly working through, and a stop at neonmotel added another step forward, learning happens in small increments across many sources and finding sources that consistently contribute is the actual practical value of careful curation in an information rich world.

    Reply
  17. Blakegulty

    Took longer than expected to finish because I kept stopping to think, and a stop at quarkpivot did the same to me, content that provokes thought rather than just delivering information is in a different category and the team here is clearly working at that higher level rather than just cranking out posts.

    Reply
  18. Marioflams

    Looking back on this reading session it stands as one of the better ones recently, and a look at rangerorca extended that ranking, the informal ranking of reading sessions against each other is something I do mentally and this session ranks high largely because of this site and a couple of related pages here.

    Reply
  19. Javonpam

    Came away with a slightly better mental model of the topic than I started with, and a stop at lakepeach sharpened that further, content that improves the reader thinking apparatus rather than just dumping facts into it is the rare kind I genuinely value and seek out when I have time to read carefully.

    Reply
  20. BrendanTom

    The headings made navigating the post simple even when I needed to find a specific section quickly, and a look at pansyoboe continued the same thoughtful structure, small details like clear headings show that someone is actually thinking about how the reader uses the page rather than just filling it for length alone.

    Reply
  21. LloydJax

    Decided this was the kind of site I would defend in a discussion about good blog content, and a stop at darebulb reinforced that, very few sites earn active defence rather than passive consumption and this one has clearly crossed that threshold for me without needing any explicit pitch from the writers themselves either.

    Reply
  22. JeremiahJeock

    Skipped the related links section thinking I had read enough and then came back to it later when curiosity got the better of me, and a stop at odelatte confirmed I should have just read it first, every section of this site appears to deserve careful attention rather than skipping past lazily.

    Reply
  23. Fidelfed

    Really appreciate that the writer did not assume I would read every other related post first, and a look at neonmotel kept that self contained feel going where each piece can stand alone, accessibility for new readers is a sign of generous editorial thinking and this site has clearly invested in that approach.

    Reply
  24. MatthewSer

    A welcome reminder that thoughtful writing still happens online, and a look at tavmixo extended that reassurance, the modern web makes it easy to forget that careful writing exists and finding sites that practice it is a small antidote to the cynicism that builds up from too much exposure to algorithmic content.

    Reply
  25. Dwightsog

    The lack of unnecessary jargon made the post accessible without sacrificing accuracy, and a look at zalqino continued in the same accessible style, technical topics often hide behind specialised vocabulary but here the writer trusts the reader to keep up with plain language and that trust pays off nicely throughout the entire post.

    Reply
  26. Blakegulty

    However measured this site clears the bar I set for sites I take seriously, and a stop at quarkpivot continued clearing that bar, the metrics I use for site quality are admittedly informal but they are consistent and this site has cleared them on multiple measurements across multiple visits which is meaningful for my evaluation.

    Reply
  27. Jaycouts

    Thanks for the breakdown, it gave me a clearer picture of something I had been confused about for a while now, and a stop at primpivot closed the remaining gaps in my understanding nicely, no need to hunt around twenty other articles to put the pieces together which is a real time saver.

    Reply
  28. Jamalkib

    Reading this in a quiet coffee shop matched the calm energy of the writing, and a stop at mavtoro extended that environmental match, content that has its own ambient quality which can match or clash with surroundings is content with a personality and this site has the kind of personality that suits calm reading.

    Reply
  29. Malcolmbourb

    Better signal to noise ratio than most places I check on this kind of topic, and a look at macrolush kept that going, every paragraph here carries something worth reading rather than padding out the page to hit some arbitrary length target that search engines reward but readers ignore as soon as they notice it.

    Reply
  30. Lucadew

    Just want to acknowledge that the writing here is doing something right, and a quick visit to zirqiro confirmed the same standards run across the broader site, recognising good work is something I try to do when I find it because the alternative is silence and silence rewards mediocrity.

    Reply
  31. BrendanTom

    Closed the post with a small satisfied sigh, and a stop at pansyoboe produced the same gentle exhale, content that ends well is content that respects the rhythm of reading and the writers here have clearly thought about how their pieces close rather than just trailing off when they run out of things to say.

    Reply
  32. Toddzof

    Honest reaction is that I want to send this to a friend who would benefit from it, and a look at nexmixo added more material I will pass along too, the impulse to share is the strongest signal I have for content quality and this site is generating that impulse cleanly across multiple posts.

    Reply
  33. Timmyacubs

    Better than the average post on this subject by some distance, and a look at dealrova reinforced that, you can tell within the first paragraph that the writer here actually cares about the topic rather than just covering it for the sake of having something to publish that week or that day.

    Reply
  34. JeremiahJeock

    Saving this link for the next time someone asks me about this topic, and a look at odelatte expanded what I will be sharing with them, this is the kind of resource that makes a real difference when you are trying to point a friend to something useful and reliable rather than generic marketing pages.

    Reply
  35. QuincyFoupe

    Picked this post to share in a Slack channel where I knew it would be appreciated, and a look at premiumdesignandliving suggested I will share more from here later, content worth sharing into a professional context is content that has earned a higher kind of trust than mere personal interest and this site has it.

    Reply
  36. Nashtraum

    Genuinely well crafted writing, the kind that makes the topic look easier than it actually is, and a look at pippierce added even more depth, you can feel the experience behind every line which is something only writers who have been at this for a while can pull off with this level of grace.

    Reply
  37. LloydJax

    Honestly this was the highlight of my reading queue today, and a look at darebulb extended that across more pages I will return to, ranking what I read against what else I read each day is something I do informally and this site keeps moving up in those rankings the more I explore it.

    Reply
  38. KobeNof

    Started reading and ended an hour later without realising the time had passed, and a look at kelpgrip produced the same time dilation effect, when content makes time feel different the writer has achieved something well beyond the average and this site is producing that experience for me reliably across multiple readings.

    Reply
  39. AngeloStync

    Now noticing the post fit a particular gap in my reading without my having articulated the gap before, and a look at mirthlinnet extended that gap filling effect, content that meets needs I had not consciously formulated is content with reader insight and this site has clearly developed that anticipatory editorial sense across many pieces.

    Reply

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